| Title: | The Assessment of Fecal Volatile Organic Compounds in Healthy Infants: Electronic Nose Device Predicts Patient Demographics and Microbial Enterotype |
| Author(s): | Hosfield BD; Pecoraro AR; Baxter NT; Hawkins TB; Markel TA; |
| Address: | "Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana. Elanco Animal Health, Greenfield, Indiana. Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana. Electronic address: tmarkel@iupui.edu" |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.jss.2020.05.010 |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1095-8673 (Electronic) 0022-4804 (Print) 0022-4804 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "BACKGROUND: The assessment of fecal volatile organic compounds (VOCs) has emerged as a noninvasive biomarker in many different pathologies. Before assessing whether VOCs can be used to diagnose intestinal diseases, including necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), it is necessary to measure the impact of variable infant demographic factors on VOC signals. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Stool samples were collected from term infants at four hospitals in a large metropolitan area. Samples were heated, and fecal VOCs assessed by the Cyranose 320 Electronic Nose. Twenty-eight sensors were combined into an overall smellprint and were also assessed individually. 16s rRNA gene sequencing was used to categorize infant microbiomes. Smellprints were correlated to feeding type (formula versus breastmilk), sex, hospital of birth, and microbial enterotype. Overall smellprints were assessed by PERMANOVA with Euclidean distances, and individual sensors from each smellprint were assessed by Mann-Whitney U-tests. P < 0.05 was significant. RESULTS: Overall smellprints were significantly different according to diet. Individual sensors were significantly different according to sex and hospital of birth, but overall smellprints were not significantly different. Using a decision tree model, two individual sensors could reliably predict microbial enterotype. CONCLUSIONS: Assessment of fecal VOCs with an electronic nose is impacted by several demographic characteristics of infants and can be used to predict microbiome composition. Further studies are needed to design appropriate algorithms that are able to predict NEC based on fecal VOC profiles" |
| Keywords: | "Feces/*chemistry/microbiology Female *Gastrointestinal Microbiome Humans Infant, Newborn Male Prospective Studies Volatile Organic Compounds/*analysis Biomarkers Electronic nose Enterotype Fecal volatile organic compounds Necrotizing enterocolitis;" |
| Notes: | "MedlineHosfield, Brian D Pecoraro, Anthony R Baxter, Nielson T Hawkins, Troy B Markel, Troy A eng K08 DK113226/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ Multicenter Study Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2020/06/12 J Surg Res. 2020 Oct; 254:340-347. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2020.05.010. Epub 2020 Jun 8" |
