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BMC Plant Biol

Title:		Modulation of volatile compound metabolome and transcriptome in grape berries exposed to sunlight under dry-hot climate
Author(s):		He L; Xu XQ; Wang Y; Chen WK; Sun RZ; Cheng G; Liu B; Chen W; Duan CQ; Wang J; Pan QH;
Address:		"Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China. Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100083, China. Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100093, China. CITIC Guoan Wine Co. Ltd., Manas, Xinjiang, 832200, China. Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China. panqh@cau.edu.cn. Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100083, China. panqh@cau.edu.cn"
Journal Title:		BMC Plant Biol
Year:		2020
Volume:		20200204
Issue:		1
Page Number:		59 -
DOI:		10.1186/s12870-020-2268-y
ISSN/ISBN:		1471-2229 (Electronic) 1471-2229 (Linking)
Abstract:		"BACKGROUND: Basal leaf removal is widely practiced to increase grape cluster sunlight exposure that controls berry rot and improves quality. Studies on its influence on volatile compounds in grape berries have been performed mostly in Mediterranean or marine climate regions. It is uncertain whether similar efficiency can be achieved when grape berries are grown under continental climate. This study aimed to dissect the variation in volatile compound production and transcriptome in sunlight-exposed grape berries in a dry-hot climate region and to propose the key genes related to the variation. RESULTS: Four cluster sunlight exposure strategies, including basal leaf removal at pepper-corn size stage, leaf removal at veraison (LR-V), leaf moving at veraison (LM-V), and half-leaf removal at veraison, were implemented at the north foot of the Mt. Tianshan region of northwestern China. Various cluster exposure treatments resulted in a decline in the concentrations of norisoprenoids and monoterpenes in ripening grape berries. Both beta-carotene and lutein, the substrates of norisoprenoid biosynthesis, were reduced by cluster sunlight exposure. K-means cluster analysis showed that some genes involved in biosynthesis such as VviTPS55, VviTPS60, VviTPS66, VviCCD4a and VviCCD4b exhibited lower expression levels in exposed berries at least at one of the tested stages. Two C6-derived esters with fruity attributes, ethyl hexanoate and hexyl acetate, were reduced markedly. In contrast, main C6 alcohol compound levels were elevated in the LR-V- and LM-V-treated grape berries, which corresponded to the up-regulated expression of VviLOXA, VviLOXO and VviADH1 in the oxylipin pathway. Most of the differentially expressed genes in the exposed and control berries were enriched to the 'stress response' processes, and this transcriptome difference was accumulated as the berries matured. Besides, LR-V treatment stimulated a significant up-regulation in photosynthesis-related genes in the grape berries, which did not happen with LM-V treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Cluster sunlight exposure in dry-hot climate viticulture resulted in different volatile-targeted transcriptomic and metabolic responses from those obtained in the temperate Mediterranean or marine climate region. Therefore, a modified canopy management should be adopted to improve the aroma of grape berries"
Keywords:		"China Climate Fruit/genetics/metabolism *Gene Expression Regulation, Plant *Metabolome *Sunlight *Transcriptome Vitis/*genetics/metabolism Volatile Organic Compounds/*metabolism Grape berry Half leaf removal Leaf moving Leaf removal Volatile profiles;"
Notes:		"MedlineHe, Lei Xu, Xiao-Qing Wang, Yu Chen, Wei-Kai Sun, Run-Ze Cheng, Guo Liu, Bin Chen, Wu Duan, Chang-Qing Wang, Jun Pan, Qiu-Hong eng 31471834/National Nature Science Foundation of China/ CARS-29/China Agriculture Research System/ 2017A01001-3/Major Science and Technology Project of Xinjiang Province during the 13th 5-year plan period/ England 2020/02/06 BMC Plant Biol. 2020 Feb 4; 20(1):59. doi: 10.1186/s12870-020-2268-y"