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Evol Psychol

Title:		Human sexual conflict from molecules to culture
Author(s):		Gorelik G; Shackelford TK;
Address:		"Department of Psychology, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA. gregory.gorelik33@gmail.com"
Journal Title:		Evol Psychol
Year:		2011
Volume:		20111215
Issue:		4
Page Number:		564 - 587
DOI:
ISSN/ISBN:		1474-7049 (Electronic) 1474-7049 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Coevolutionary arms races between males and females have equipped both sexes with mutually manipulative and defensive adaptations. These adaptations function to benefit individual reproductive interests at the cost of the reproductive interests of opposite-sex mates, and arise from evolutionary dynamics such as parental investment (unequal reproductive costs between the sexes) and sexual selection (unequal access to opposite-sex mates). Individuals use these adaptations to hijack others' reproductive systems, psychological states, and behaviors--essentially using other individuals as extended phenotypes of themselves. Such extended phenotypic manipulation of sexual rivals and opposite-sex mates is enacted by humans with the aid of hormones, pheromones, neurotransmitters, emotions, language, mind-altering substances, social institutions, technologies, and ideologies. Furthermore, sexual conflict may be experienced at an individual level when maternal genes and paternal genes are in conflict within an organism. Sexual conflict may be physically and emotionally destructive, but may also be exciting and constructive for relationships. By extending the biological concept of sexual conflict into social and cultural domains, scholars may successfully bridge many of the interdisciplinary gaps that separate the sciences from the humanities"
Keywords:		"Adaptation, Psychological/physiology Behavioral Research *Biological Evolution *Conflict, Psychological *Cultural Evolution Defense Mechanisms Female Genetic Fitness/*genetics Humans *Interpersonal Relations Male Selection, Genetic Sex Attractants/metabol;"
Notes:		"MedlineGorelik, Gregory Shackelford, Todd K eng England 2011/01/01 Evol Psychol. 2011 Dec 15; 9(4):564-87"